Language classroom activities fall into three categories: (1) citation, or samples, intended to exemplify the language system; (2) simulation; and (3) replication, activities with a definite nonlinguistic outcome, with communicative success or failure measured by the outcome, not by the language output itself. Instruction that relies primarily on…

Hypothesis generation and testing is outlined as an additional domain for program evaluators. Program evaluation involves a thorough analysis of the processes that contribute to change (or a lack of change) among program recipients. This process of change is analyzed in two ways: (1) treating programs as naturally occurring field studies; and (2)…

A study examined the effects of teacher feedback on the oral reading performance of nine low-ability second grade readers. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment sequence conditions. A single-subject format was incorporated by using a Latin Square design for presenting the three treatment conditions--graphophonemic immediate,…

Two hypotheses were posed in a study that examined the communicative consequences of structured versus nonstructured tasks on subjects with varying levels of communication apprehension (CA): (1) task structure and level of CA will interact to predict behavioral disruption in dyads, and (2) CA and evaluation will interact to predict behavioral…

A study examined the effects of training in argumentation and of initial candidate preference on perceptions and evaluations of presidential candidate debates. Subjects, 490 undergraduate speech communication students, were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions--control (no training), criteria only, and criteria plus explanations for…

Reading instruction for educable mentally handicapped students requires the use of flexible learning strategies and teaching techniques for basic sight word training; instruction in phonic analysis, structural analysis, and contextual analysis; comprehension lessons; and fluency development. Sample techniques (for fluency development) include…

This curriculum guide provides information in both English and French for the teaching of computer literacy in junior high schools in the Canadian province of Alberta. A basic introductory course developed in response to the need to acquaint junior high school students with a general understanding of computers and their use, the program for grades…

This guide, which is intended for parents in New South Wales, Australia, provides a description of primary school and its curriculum and guidelines for conducting learning activities with children both at school and at home. Introductory sections briefly discuss the topics of parents as children's first teachers, knowledge about children's…

Teacher selection and planning of appropriate transition activities for preschool age children is discussed in this paper. Teachers are encouraged to use transition time to provide an opportunity for imaginative and creative thinking and to avoid tedious waiting and chaos. Transition activities can be used as a teaching technique to prepare…

Arguing that teachers need to provide direct instruction if they expect children to learn to apply semantic or syntactic clues as they are reading, this paper presents a variety of activities for teaching children to use context clues. Among the more than 35 activities described are: gathering clues from pictures, using a language experience…

Two intruments for evaluating the school plant are presented in this monograph. The first enables districts to appraise the effectiveness of school maintenance programs and plan for future maintenance needs. The eight aspects of maintenance covered relate to the exterior of the building, the interior, special classrooms, the electrical system, the…

This document presents a review of the research on the affective domain as it relates to learning and teaching in the classroom. The synthesis concludes that it is clearly evident that affective factors are an important dimension of the teaching/learning process and that the ways in which teachers respond to students and classroom situations…

A study focused on the development of a research-based model of spelling instruction by synthesizing 20 instructional strategies from 144 empirical studies found in scholarly literature, in which spelling procedures were tested in controlled settings. In addition, the study investigated three research questions: (1) the extent to which elementary…

The first of three sections in this booklet reviews ways in which printed and duplicated materials can be used within the context of the three basic instructional strategies, i.e., mass instruction, individualized learning, and group learning. The second section examines in detail the planning and designing of such materials for specific purposes,…

A sequel to the booklet "A Review of the Different Types of Instructional Materials Available to Teachers and Lecturers," this booklet begins by discussing the main educational uses of the overhead projector and its various strengths and weaknesses. Basic guidelines for using the overhead projector effectively are then offered, which include ways…