This discussion of the results from the probability questions of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) identifies probability as an area of serious concern. (MP) Aspect of National Assessment (NAEP) dealt with in this document: Results (Interpretation).

Teachers can determine the content validity of standardized tests before using them. Two tests are compared to illustrate the process. (MP)

Suggests that there exists a "finite" number of elementary concepts and distinguishable modes of thinking, that all human beings tend to acquire the same set of elements of thinking and the same strategies with which to understand and control their physical environment, and that the method of analysis used here is a standard scientific method.…

A real danger lies in the developing trend within academic business investigations to underestimate the importance of first level of rigor research. Basic research is a prerequisite to the uncovering of new knowledge. A suitable balance between basic and applied research must be restored. (Author)

Exploring the marital dissolution experience of women interviewed in the 1970 National Fertility Study, this article documents the effect of race, religion, and education upon marital stability. (JC)

The Hand Test, a projective device involving drawings of hands in semi-ambiguous poses, has increased in popularity among clinical and school psychologists in the 15 years since its inception. Research on the test is reviewed and its merit in clinical and diverse assessment situations is discussed. (Author/JAC)

The literature on cluster analysis is reviewed. Journal articles on cluster analysis are listed, the literature citing works on cluster analysis is examined, and the jargon which has developed in this field is discussed. (JKS)

Three statistical analysis procedures for analysis of repeated measures data are examined. The procedures are classical mixed model analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of repeated measures, and the analysis of covariance structures. (Author/JKS)

The results of the California Psychological Inventory, the Survey of Study Habits and Attitudes, and the Mooney Problem Check List for short-term clients, long-term clients, and nonclients were compared. Results supported the usefulness of the Mooney in a relatively normal setting. (Author)

Standardized tests, with their preoccupation with correctness, encourage barren formulaic writing by students. (DD)

What effect is the "back to basics" movement having on American teachers and schools? Are the media and the politicians taking the public for a ride? Reports on the controversies surrounding such issues as standards, testing and accountability. (Editor)

The strategy for investigating convergent and discriminant test validity, known as the multitrait-multimethod matrix, is investigated. A nonparametric significance testing procedure is suggested and demonstrated. (JKS)

A procedure is developed for estimating correlations among new tests when non-overlapping sub-samples each are administered a different new test and all sub-samples are administered a set of standard tests. (JKS)

Directions for administering four major preschool instruments were analyzed to determine whether any basic concepts are included in the words spoken by the examiner. Inclusion of basic concepts in test directions may hinder a preschool child's understanding of what is expected of him (and possibly invalidate his scores). (Author)

Describes the method and the options, provided with the use of the computer for scoring and analyzing tests. (GA)