The question is raised: What comes first: rules of calculation or the meaning of concepts? The pressures on the teacher to teach and simplify knowledge to algorithms are discussed. The relation between conceptual and procedural knowledge in school mathematics and consequences for the teacher's professional knowledge are considered. (DC)

Described is the generative learning strategy, an approach which encourages pupils to discuss their out-of-school ideas about plant breathing, drinking, wood production, soil, minerals, and leaves, and assist them in linking appropriate ideas together to form an explanation of the origin of plant materials. (CW)

Described is a rationale and process that can be used for the evaluation of environmental education programs. Expectations, planning, results, and using results are all discussed as steps in the evaluation process. (CW)

Describes a semester long simulation of Supreme Court procedures. Recommends this activity for generating an understanding of the decision making process and the impact of the Justices' personal values and attitudes upon Supreme Court decisions. Notes that the course engages students in the learning process while encouraging the acquisition of…

A new definition of teaching must replace traditional modes of instruction. Intellectual growth is best encouraged by assisting, rather than assessing, student performance. Classrooms must be settings which maximize opportunities for participation and conversation. Definitions and practical applications are given for Vygotsky's term "zone of…

Considers racial impact of using ability tests for employment decisions. Notes agreement that large differences exist in performance on general ability among races and that there is probable relation between general ability and job performance for most jobs; disagreement about whether racial differences in general ability are fixed and about size…

Outlines a one- to six-week listening skills unit for use in a business communication class. Provides resources for listening instruction, including: films, listening exercises, pretests, and listening training programs. (MM)

Provides a direct instruction strategy for teaching skills and concepts required for database use. Creates an interactive environment which motivates, provides a model, imparts information, allows active student participation, gives knowledge of results, and presents guidance. (LS)

Describes and evaluates a course dealing with Irish history presented through closed-circuit television at the University of Connecticut (Storrs). Explores the use of televised instruction as a means of teaching history to undergraduates. Reports that this approach, supplemented by a live interactive component, was deemed successful by students…

Suggests possible uses historians can make of film materials drawing on the Cooper Library (University of South Carolina) collection. Stresses the need for using outtakes to show an accurate sense of unedited history. Illustrates the value of film in understanding European fascism, and urges coordinating textbooks and film for an effective…

This article describes the subject matter and evaluation procedures of a philosophy of education course required of elementary education students at University of Delaware. Students are encouraged to reflect on and articulate their own philosophies of education as well as identify the philosophical context of professional issues they may…

Two case examples illustrate how single-case designs (alternating treatments, multiple baseline, and reversal) can be used to evaluate manipulable influences on school performance. In each case, the success of an intervention plan is evaluated within the single-case design. (SLD)

Documents the changes and advances of educational technology in the classroom from the 1960s to the 1980s. Asserts that caution is needed in proceeding to make use of educational technology applications. (MS)

Discusses a strategy for understanding the USSR better by building a context using the binary categories "freedom/equality" rather than the traditional categories "good/bad." (MS)

Encourages teachers to regain the Sophistic awareness that no teaching is done in a social and political vacuum, that teachers must make judgments about which issues are more important than others, which issues deserve to be studied, and which issues should be ignored. (RAE)