We take advantage of a combinatorial misconception and the famous paradox of the Chevalier de Méré to present the multiplication rule for independent events; the principle of inclusion and exclusion in the presence of disjoint events; the median of a discrete-type random variable, and a confidence interval for a large sample. Moreover, we pay…

This paper reports on students' conceptions of minima points. Written assignments and individual interviews uncovered salient, concept images, as well as erroneous "mis-out examples" that mistakenly regard examples as non-examples and "mis-in examples" that mistakenly grant non-examples the status of examples. We used Tall and…

This paper outlines the impact of phenomenography on higher education research and academic development. Interest in phenomenography as an educational research methodology continues to grow, but with interest growing faster than the number of experienced researchers, some misunderstandings of the approach have arisen and been circulating in…

Background: Furnham and Hughes (2014) previously reported that a sample of adults was only able to recognize 37% of 249 myths based on those presented in Lilienfeld et al.'s (2009) Great Myths of Popular Psychology. Objective: We sought to replicate these findings and to investigate predictors (e.g., education, cognitive ability, and personality)…

This research is a systematic literature review study that aims to explore the evidence in publications that report on the types of misconceptions experienced by students in learning chemistry by providing types of students' chemical misconceptions based on levels and obtaining the correct formulation of misconceptions so that they can be used as…

Background: Increasing students' ability to think critically allows them to engage more fully with psychology material. Objective: The current study used a critical thinking assignment called PsychBusters to examine critical thinking and interest in psychology in two sections of introductory psychology designated for first-year psychology majors.…

Despite the efforts from the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and from chemistry educators, misconceptions in the classroom and among professionals arise from the inherent complexity of chemical language and the remaining traces of the historical development of chemistry as a science. In order to improve the learning and…

Background: Pictures drawn by people with aphasia (PWA) are often more challenging to understand than those drawn by healthy people. There are two types of objects: those that tend to be drawn symbolically (symbolically drawn objects--SOs) and those that are likely to be drawn realistically (realistically drawn objects--ROs). Aims: To compare the…

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) keeps advancing, Generation Alpha and future generations are more likely to cope with situations that call for critical thinking by turning to AI and relying on its guidance without sufficient critical thinking. I defend this worry and argue that it calls for educational reforms that would be designed mainly to (a)…

The debate over halting artificial intelligence (AI) development stems from fears of malicious exploitation and potential emergence of destructive autonomous AI. While acknowledging the former concern, this paper argues the latter is exaggerated. True AI autonomy requires education inherently tied to ethics, making fully autonomous AI potentially…

It has long been suspected by general relativists that physicists who do not specialize in general relativity (GR) believe that special relativity (SR) is incapable of modeling dynamics within accelerated reference frames. Consequently, many physicists may conclude that certain phenomena, such as time dilation due to acceleration, can only be…

Genotyping real alleles in real people is an excellent way to connect abstract genetics concepts to human variation in the classroom; however, these activities can inadvertently promote misconceptions of the power of genetics to determine individual and group traits. By analyzing our own and others' experiences of genotyping activities in the…

Despite the high level of education and training that is required for the profession, PE is often met with negative perceptions. The misconceptions and stereotypes about the profession can make it difficult for PE teachers to be taken seriously and can discourage students from pursuing a career in the field. It's important for PE teachers to…

The paper aims to provide a review of literature that emphasizes students' and teachers' views on the nature of science (NOS) and associated instructional approaches to develop adequate understanding of the NOS that have been employed in different contexts. One hundred and seventy-two (172) studies were selected from ResearchGate, Academia, Google…

Engaging in the construction and interpretation of graphs is a complex process involving concerted activation of context-specific cognitive resources. As students engage in this process, they apply fine-grained, intuitive ideas to graphical patterns: graphical forms. Using data involving pairs of students constructing and interpreting graphs, we…