Examined similarities in sex-role conflict between female athletes and alcoholic women. Findings showed female athletes and female alcoholics (N=60) similar to each other and different from controls (N=30) along dimensions of sex-role conflict. Discusses findings relative to female athletes' susceptibility to alcoholism. (Author/PVV)

College entrance examination scores, sophomore grade point average (GPA), and GPA for prerequisite courses were compared for 483 accounting, management, and economics students. All correlated with academic success, but test scores were less significant than GPAs. Only GPAs demonstrated significant results in predicting academic difficulty. (SK)

Data from a 1992 statewide survey of students in grades 5-12 were analyzed to determine the extent to which cigarette smoking predicted alcohol and other drug use and acted as a gateway drug. Results indicated smoking was a powerful predictor for alcohol and drug use, and the relationship was dose responsive. (SM)

Conducts a prospective analysis of sexual assault for 857 college women to assess pathways through which victimization experiences become linked. History of child and adolescent sexual victimization experiences was determined for adult victims and nonvictims. Results indicate that early sexual victimization is a risk factor for adult…

Describes the development of a measure of self-perceived abilities to implement various health promoting behaviors, reporting on a study of the psychometric properties of the measure in three samples. Results suggest the measure demonstrates adequate reliability and demonstrates predicted relationships with other health measures. (SM)

This study examined the effects on, and contribution of, input and process factors on student achievement in Louisiana public schools. Socioeconomic and minority status strongly predicted school achievement. Discrepancy between white and African-American students' achievement increased with grade level. Student attendance substantially affected…

Coded transcriptions of interviews between 17 doctoral students in school psychology serving as consultants and 17 experienced teachers for consultant verbalizations that supported consultee. Findings are interpreted as supporting importance of consultants' relationship skill and problem-solving skills to consultees' evaluations of consultation.…

Two studies examined the relationship between a measure of metacognitive word knowledge, the KMA (knowledge monitoring ability), and performance in college. Using undergraduate grade point average in a number of academic domains as criterion measures, this research provides support for the validity of the KMA as a predictor of success in college.…

Phonetic skills and vocabulary size were investigated in 37 toddlers identified with specific expressive language impairment and 20 comparison toddlers. Results indicate significant differences in numbers of consonant types and tokens, although the most frequently present consonants were consistent across groups. No predictive relationship emerged…

A study compared the accuracy of experienced staff with a learning test in predicting the ability of 18 persons with mental retardation to learn 12 training tasks. Results found the Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities test was more accurate for predicting client performance than the assessments of experienced staff. (Author/CR)

Argues that assessment, outcomes measurement, and prediction of attrition are separate but highly interrelated phenomena, with none meaningfully understood without reference to the other two. Suggests that the assessment process be the initial exercise, followed by periodic outcomes measurement used in conjunction with the assessment data to…

Assessed prenatal maternal variables (cognitive readiness, personal adjustment, intelligence, social supports) in pregnant adolescents, and additional variables when infants were 6 months old (perceived child characteristics, parenting). Used structural modeling to identify paths to parenting skill and style. Found that maternal intelligence and…

The psychometric properties and validity of the Reasons for Living (RFL) Inventory were examined among psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents (N=253) identified as suicide ideators, suicide attempters, and psychiatric controls. Factor analysis provided support for RFL for clinical and research assessment while producing slightly different…

A 20-year follow-up study of 41 individuals with learning disabilities investigated changes in independent variables and dependent variables and compared successful and unsuccessful individuals. Self-awareness, perseverance, proactivity, emotional stability, goal setting, and social support systems predicted success better than IQ or achievement.…

A study investigated the effects of integrating assistive technology into the homes of 13 children with learning disabilities (ages 9-16). All placements were judged to have had positive effects on children and/or their families. Eight placements were judged successful in all three categories of technology performance and child and family…