The Division for Emotional and Behavioral Health (DEBH; Formerly Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders, CCBD) put forward a position paper with recommendations for the use of physical restraint procedures in educational settings. In addition to providing relevant background regarding the use of restraint, the position paper set forth a…

Leadership is a challenging task and leading well requires interpersonal skills that inspire those they lead to follow them. The aim of this grounded theory study is to explore the experiences of educational leaders who thoughtfully engage in trust-building and express vulnerability in their leadership practices. This study explored how six…

The purpose of this study is multifold: First, to develop an educational program using artificial intelligence (AI) in middle school free semester system of South Korea. Second, to verify the program's effectiveness, the study clarified the definition of AI and AI education and considered their meaning in technology education. This study used…

In this interpretative case study, the researchers examined the democratic and multicultural beliefs and related practices of 11 preservice social studies teachers in the northeastern United States. They collected interview, observation, and classroom artifact data throughout the participants' teacher preparation experience. Using Banks's typology…

Background and Purpose: Physical therapy (PT) student academic and clinical success is dependent on their ability to develop clinical reasoning in the first year, especially prior to the first clinical education experience. However, literature has revealed a very low ability of learners to spontaneously transfer basic science knowledge into…

Inferencing is an important and complex process required for successful reading comprehension. Previous research has suggested instruction in inferencing is effective at improving reading comprehension. However, varying definitions of inferencing is likely impacting how inferencing instruction is implemented in practice and inferencing ability is…

This study investigated the effect of a paper folding activity prepared to develop the sixth-grade students' concept definitions and images of parallelism and perpendicularity concepts. The study also examined how the concept definition and images changed after the paper folding activity. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was…

The idea of reflection has become more and more pervasive in higher education in recent decades, particularly -- but not only -- in teaching and learning and in the professional disciplines. But what does it mean, how has it been applied and what does it add? This article explores the history and development of the idea and assesses its place in…

International students' adjustment has been studied for many years. However, "first-generation" international students have not been adequately explored. International students and first-generation students both have many obstacles they must navigate and adapt to quickly to succeed in school. This study aimed to better understand who…

Promise programs are discussed as a policy movement that began with the 2005 launch of the Kalamazoo Promise. Since then, programs bearing the Promise label or sharing similar features have spread across the higher educational landscape, appearing in most states and across postsecondary sectors. Simultaneously, scholarly literature discussing…

During the past two decades, the interest in investigating the phenomenon of inattentional blindness strongly increased and resulted in a fraying of paradigms investigating this specific failure of awareness. We reviewed 129 full-text articles containing 219 experiments for their design and methods to create awareness for the growing variety of…

Since Skinner's conceptualization of the mand, applied behavior analysis researchers have used the concept to develop stimulus control transfer procedures effective for addressing manding deficits. More recently, researchers have explored the clinical utility of reinforcing mand variability during mand training and functional communication…

In this paper, we study how undergraduate students define 3D geometrical solids. With this aim, we have identified the routines that are present in the discourse of the students when describing and defining these solids. These routines are one of the properties that characterise the mathematical discourse in the theory of commognition (Sfard…

While very popular in public discourse about education, critical thinking education is still a work in progress. Two key conditions for successfully addressing critical thinking education are lacking: (a) the availability of a clear, specific, and operational definition, and (b) a deeper understanding of the natural cognitive bases of critical…

In this article, I observe that the current practice of liberal-arts learning has entered into a historical crisis in which its central, defining convention--that this learning, unlike grammar learning and vocational learning, promotes freedom--no longer holds much meaning. To overcome this crisis, I suggest that liberal-arts learning should base…