Purpose: Bilingual children's speech often contains high percentages of disfluencies in both their languages; however, the distribution of disfluency types and the difference across bilinguals' two languages have received insufficient and inconsistent empirical support. The present research aims to profile "typical" bilingual disfluency…

Studying language learning beliefs plays an important role in language learning research. The aim of our study was to reconstruct the system of meanings that underlie the gender differences in the beliefs about people involved in foreign language learning. In our study, we used the semantic differential to study beliefs about people involved in…

The growing diversity among test takers in second or foreign language (L2) assessments makes the importance of fairness front and center. This systematic review aimed to examine how fairness in L2 assessments was evaluated through differential item functioning (DIF) analysis. A total of 83 articles from 27 journals were included in a systematic…

There has been little research investigating the effects of notetaking on foreign language (FL) learning, and no studies have examined how it affects vocabulary learning. The present study investigated the vocabulary written in notes of 86 students after they had listened to a teacher in an English as a foreign language (EFL) class. The results…

With the increasing focus on the emotional nature of L2 writing instruction, chances have increased for L2 writing teachers to perform exquisite emotional labour in teaching writing knowledge and skills in the classroom, but our knowledge regarding the emotional labour strategies used by L2 writing teachers and their potential influence on their…

The COVID-19 pandemic has notably increased the use of distance education, particularly in Türkiye's higher education English courses. Even after the normalisation process, compulsory English courses in Türkiye, the learners of which receive education in English for general purposes, are still being taught via distance education. Such a practice…

The use of AI-powered chatbots has recently been extensively examined for second language (L2) learning. While their positive effects have been widely reported regarding L2 English learning, studies involving less commonly taught languages (LCTLs) are scant. The current study incorporated an AI chatbot called Iruda in L2 Korean teaching, to…

Purpose -- Writing is a difficult skill to master and improve, especially for students who learn English as a second language. Thus, this study explores the impact of employing graphic organizers on the writing performance of Form Four students and their knowledge retention. These students were 16year-olds at the time of study. Furthermore, the…

Well-being development in young people's formative years is crucial for their transition to adulthood. While research on well-being in formal education contexts is expanding, little attention has been paid to out-of-school educational settings, particularly supplementary tutoring for disadvantaged students. Adopting Sirgy's concept of positive…

This article focuses on the multimodal support of L2 education when learners visit extracurricular learning sites. As part of a design-based research project, a team of students, cooperative partners, and the researcher developed an educational game using Actionbound to enhance on-site cultural and language education. The aim of this paper is to…

Research into self-regulating capacity in vocabulary learning is recognized as a significant topic within the second language domain. The self-regulating capacity in vocabulary learning scale (SRCvoc; Tseng et al. 2006) is arguably the most widely used tool for assessing this construct. The common factor model, which is applied through…

One of the basic goals of second language (L2) speech research is to understand the perception-production link, or the relationship between L2 speech perception and L2 speech production. Although many studies have examined the link, they have done so with strikingly different conceptual foci and methods. Even studies that appear to use similar…

The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) is a crucial reference framework for informing teaching, learning and assessment that has achieved worldwide prominence in language education. However, there have been concerns raised regarding the breadth of its influence across different domains and countries. Using a bibliometric approach, a…

The importance of language in mathematics education becomes increasingly obvious, as multilingual learners are not an exception nowadays. But how can language dominance and the language of first or later instruction affect arithmetic training in adults? 101 bilingual adults whose first and dominant language was German (LM+ and L1) and who spoke…

This bibliometric study examines the characteristics of the overall research trends, patterns of productivity, and publications on "assessment in second language pronunciation". Bibliometric data were retrieved from Web of Science (WoS on 1 September 2021 and the results of the study reveal that the first publication appeared in 1993…