Both male and female third graders generally attributed male traits to boy peers and female traits to girl peers. Sex differences appeared on the self-description measure: girls saw their behavior as more similar to female traits than male traits, while boys saw their behavior as equally similar to both. (Author/GC)

Compared the behavioral correlates of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 4-3 high-point pair and the Overcontrolled-Hostility scale in a sample of university psychology clinic outpatients (N=97). Behavioral correlates of two groups of outpatients were more similar to each other than they were to the group of outpatient controls.…

Describes the historical context of a systems approach to the family; defines basic systems concepts with emphasis on their application to the family; and describes some axioms of human communication theory and the role they play in understanding family communication from a systems viewpoint. (PD)

Content analyzed four personality inventories, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, California Personality Inventory, and Edwards Personality Preference Schedule to determine whether each item in the four inventories contained situational, temporal, or comparative information. Wide differences appeared…

Data analysis from television-viewing surveys suggests that people are not "glued to the box." Rather, the level of repeat-viewing of television--about 60 percent--suggests that television fills the gap between other activities and that the reason people watch television is that they have "so much time to kill." (PD)

When hyperactive boys were taking placebos, they were involved in more negative incidents, their handwriting was poorer, and their names were called more frequently than when the boys were taking methylphenidate. (Author)

Proposes concept of the Teacher Value System as explanation for the phenomenon of students in foreign language classroom producing nonsensical utterances. Argues that these statements are product of particular patterns of teacher behavior. Believes this explanation affords insight into some prerequisites for communicative teaching. (Author/BK)

Examined validity of the postulated perceptual style-personality dimension of modulation of stimulus intensity in two elderly samples. Results indicated a significant linear relationship between kinesthetic aftereffect and degree of social engagement, life attitudes, and items previously validated with young adults. Discusses implications for…

Posthospitalization follow-up data were collected from 52 alcoholic subjects and their collateral informants. Findings suggest that alcoholics who have been hospitalized for detoxification generally provide reliable self-reports of their posttreatment drinking behavior, and that gathering data from collateral informants is an effective method for…

Empirical cluster analysis methods have been the basis for development of a phenomenological classification of depressive disorders. Verbal descriptions of the distinguishing features of anxious, hostile, agitated, and retarded subtypes of depression are provided to facilitate development of clinical classification concepts. A review of validity…

Applied a behavioral model of marriage to premarital couples to assess predictive validity of an exchange measure. Results provide evidence that unrewarding communication patterns precede development of relationship distress. Implications for the behavioral model of marriage and development of programs designed to prevent marital distress are…

Whether there is consistency in pupils' attributions regarding their achievement outcome in two consecutive tests in (a) the same subject and (b) different subjects was explored. Results showed consistency in individuals' attributional patterns. However, consistency scores ensuing from the same achievement outcomes were greater than those from…

Black female murderers generally are of low socioeconomic and educational status, and are unemployed. In addition, most were physically punished as children, had a history of involvement in fights, and had been drinking at the time of the homicide. Finally, most victims were the male mates of the offenders. (Author/GC)

Research using a model for studying same-sex friendships has indicated differences between men's and women's friendships consistent with traditional sex roles and socialization patterns. However, the differences are small and diminish as strength/duration of friendship increases. There is no evidence that women's friendships are inferior to those…

Reviews previous work in training observers for collecting observational counseling data. Outlines a nine-step Systematic Rater Training Model, which includes overview and contract, concept presentation, stimulation, modeling, passive discrimination, active discrimination, production, transfer of training to performance, and ongoing evaluation.…