Interactional behaviors for 15 moderately and severely handicapped elementary and preschool students were observed for approximately 1 month across a variety of settings. Behaviors were classified along a continuum of adaptive behaviors, and their proposed "degree of adaptation" was compared to commonly used definitions of adaptive behavior and…

Treatment approaches (a behavioral program including both contingency management instruction for parents and self-control training for children, or either drug therapy or contingency management, alone) were compared for effectiveness in dealing with eight hyperactive children (7-10 years old). A self-control curriculum composed of self-direction,…

Intended for use by professionals as well as head-injured college students and their families, the text provides basic information about head injuries, brain anatomy, the effects of injury to the various areas of the brain, and the major factors in recovery and rehabilitation. It examines the viability of college attendance for the head-injured…

K.E. Ferguson's analysis of women's place in capitalist society and the concurrent elevation of bureaucratic structures seriously challenges administration analysts. According to Ferguson, modern bureaucracy requires constant maintenance in reifying its dominance structure and locating and suppressing opposition. This analysis can be applied to…

The first 2 of the 12 publications reviewed in this annotated bibliography describe what principals actually do as instructional leaders. The first document reports on habits and values evinced by eight schools whose principals were viewed as proficient instructional leaders. Although several distinct leadership styles emerged, the ethic of…

The effects of using a nontraditional peer tutoring format--same age, similar skill level arrangement--were investigated for two school terms on a county wide basis with 2,386 significantly underachieving students in grades 1 through 9 in the curricular areas of reading and mathematics. Certified teachers and paraprofessional aides served as…

In contrast to the usual counseling outcome assessment procedures, which rely on individual change scores on selected outcome instruments, this paper proposes a contemporary interactional perspective which suggests that the assessment of outcome should focus on determining changes in the counseling process itself, i.e., a change in the interaction…

In a microanalysis of the behaviors of examiners and handicapped children during videotaped testing sessions, handicapped students performed better with familiar examiners than with unfamiliar examiners. The children spoke significantly more often and longer when tested by familiar examiners who exercised more frequent and longer intervals of…

A study was conducted to determine how Washington, D.C., reporters cover business policy issues and to explain why they report this news as they do. The study used J. Grunig's situational theory of communication behavior as a basis for developing a typology of Washington reporters based upon their perceptions of four business policy issues. A…

The ways in which fathers and mothers communicate with and teach their 6-month-old first-born infants were compared. Twenty-two white, middle class mothers and fathers were videotaped interacting with their infants (11 male, 11 female) on 10 tasks. Trained observers coded the parents' interaction with their infants on the following variables:…

Research on individual's response to emergency situations in the presence of others has produced conflicting results. The bystander effect is the label applied to inaction or the unlikelihood of assistance with others present. The social facilitation effect occurs when the presence of others energizes response; strong habit responses are…

Difficulties in identifying learning disabilities (LD) are examined, and special problems presented by hearing impaired children with LD are considered. The value of rating scales as a quick instrument for obtaining, measuring, recording and communicating information is emphasized. Adaptations of the Pupil Rating Scale for hearing impaired…

Communication competence has been approached primarily from three perspectives in the communication literature: (1) as cognitive understanding of communication, (2) as a capability of performing certain communication skills, and (3) as achieving effective communication. Most scholars who write about communication competence view competence either…

There is a need for systematic comparisons and replications of research on questions concerning students' sexual behaviors and attitudes. To examine whether or not students' attitudes and behaviors toward sex and sex-related issues changed over a decade, 435 incoming freshmen in 1973 and 460 freshmen in 1983 were administered an anonymous…

A group of 144 high school dropouts were surveyed in an effort to dtudy the prevalence and correlates of their drug use as compared to that of 2,277 high school students. The results were reported according to grade level, sex, and ethnicity. (Author)