The greatest benefit of including leap year in the calculation is not to increase precision, but to show students that a problem can be solved without such presumption. A birthday problem is analyzed showing that calculating a leap-year birthday probability is not a frivolous computation.

Over the past several years, increased interest in preventing youth problems and promoting healthy youth development has led youth and family practitioners, policy makers, and researchers to develop a wide range of approaches based on various theoretical frameworks. Although the growth in guiding frameworks has led to more complex models and a…

This article describes a method of solution that Ramanujan may have used in solving the following puzzle: The number of a house is both the sum of the house numbers below it on the street and the sum of those above it. (The houses on a street are numbered consecutively, starting with 1.)

We present and discuss three examples of misapplication of the notion of conditional probability. In each example, we present the problem along with a published and/or well-known incorrect--but seemingly plausible--solution. We then give a careful treatment of the correct solution, in large part to show how careful application of basic probability…

Children with emotional challenges have often been seen as victims, but seldom as survivors. Persons who are able to overcome adversity can be strengthened by this experience as shown in this account of a youth struggling to surmount a traumatic life.

In order to collect data supportive of the development of new curriculum and curriculum materials for use in the preparation of teachers to work with disadvantaged children, a study was conducted to determine the type and extent of problems perceived by teachers as they teach in inner-city or "ghetto" schools. Each of 12 school district…

Some studies indicate that children exposed to acute violence can experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), showing symptoms such as avoidance and lack of concentration. Eighty-eight sixth graders in five different classes at a Central Virginia upper elementary school were observed for behavioral indicators of PTSD, including lack of…

Investigated the problems of 514 male and female adolescents of 14 and 15 years of age using an open-ended questionnaire. Boys reported more problems concerned with educational adjustments, girls more problems concerned with family adjustment. (Author/SDH)

While evidence is mixed about whether aggressive children generate fewer alternative solutions to social problems than do nonaggressive children, research has found consistent deficiencies in the qualitative kinds of solutions that aggressive children produce. This study assessed salience effects on the abilities of aggressive and nonaggressive…

There has been increased interest in family systems approaches to the treatment of children's behavior problems. A study was conducted to compare children's behavior patterns in clinical and nonclinical intact families and to explore the relationship between family functioning and boys' behavior patterns. Subjects consisted of 16 clinic families…

Five Ohio school districts, both large and small, participated in a year-long needs assessment study, following activities specified in the Ohio Needs Assessment Guidelines. Following interviews with the needs assessment coordinator at each district, researchers summarized problem areas related to each of 15 activities corresponding to the eight…

Educational needs for the future are discussed, particularly in light of how members of the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD) can help students prepare for the future. The document is presented in six chapters. Chapter I presents an overview of ASCD's long range school and educational plans. Chapter II defines key…

Individuals of varying backgrounds, viewpoints, and interests met at Trenton, New Jersey, March 3-5, in a conference conducted by the state Rehabilitation Commission, Division of Workmen's Compensation, and the Division of Employment Security of the Department of Labor and Industry in cooperation with the National Institutes on Rehabilitation and…

The extent of school violence and vandalism is staggering, according to the author. He briefly reviews the history of conflict in American education, concluding that when a new group of people comes into an institution, such as the public schools, there is bound to be conflict and tension, as when the schools were desegregated by court order. He…