Examines the construct and action validity of the use of simple checklists to assess the declarative knowledge component of adult's literacy by telephone. Finds significant relationships among knowledge when assessed either by listening (telephone) or by reading (mailed questionnaire) modality. Concludes that the telephone method may provide a…

Instead of avoiding, eliminating, or managing interpersonal conflict, school leaders should explore its transformational uses. A Consensual, no-conflict approach to decision making is impossible. Conflict can serve transformational purposes by helping to organize motives; broadening, strengthening, and clarifying values; and detecting and…

This paper describes a schoolwide staff development model based on a proactive instructional approach to solving problem behavior. Discussion focuses on comparison with traditional models of staff development, reactive approaches to school discipline, and students with diverse learning and behavioral histories. (DB)

Calls for more manuscripts on problem-based learning in the biochemical sciences. Includes information on problem-based learning conferences. (SAH)

Discusses reasons why problem solving has failed. Offers an alternative approach--the use of investigations in mathematics instruction. Lists the characteristics of an idealized classroom. (ASK)

Used 1996 Canadian census data to examine the spatial structure and intensity of urban deprivation in Montreal. Analysis of 20 indicators of urban deprivation identified 6 main types of deprivation in the city and found that they were most visible on the Island of Montreal. Urban deprivation was not confined to the inner city. (SM)

Studied patterns of self-explanation that distinguish between good and poor problem solvers. Results with 32 ninth graders identify self-explanation patterns that show that poor problem solvers are more likely to produce clarifications after inferences and good problem solvers are more likely to produce justifications after regulations. (SLD)

All too often, one behavioral intervention is used universally to handle a variety of problem behaviors, regardless of the function of the misbehavior. This article describes how a functional assessment of behavior can be used to identify the purpose of misbehaviors and plan effective behavioral interventions. (Author)

Presents an innovative approach to resolution of faculty employment disputes at institutions of higher education. Discusses the framework in which faculty employment issues arise, the current state of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) as it is relevant to employment disputes, and the substantial benefits which could be achieved by developing a…

Applies a cognitive information processing approach to the specific process of employment problem solving and decision making. Definitions and accompanying employment examples are followed by an exploration of the nature of employment problems. Examples of positive and negative cognitions that have an impact on the effectiveness of employment…

Proposes ways for students to achieve global awareness on a personalized basis, particularly through courses for college freshmen and graduating seniors taught simultaneously in institutions all over the world. The courses would focus on global awareness and the local solution of globally relevant problems. Feasibility for courses would depend…

The present study compared Australian and Chinese teachers' causal attributions for student behavior. A total of 204 Australian teachers and 269 Chinese teachers rated the importance of four causes (ability, effort, family, teacher) of six student problem behaviors. Results showed that both groups of teachers attributed misbehaviors most to…

This article is about Emma's experience of living with learning difficulties. Emma expresses a lot of anger, and talks about feelings of loss. This article is interesting to people with learning disabilities because they can see if their experience is like Emma's in any way. This paper presents Emma's story: her experience of living with learning…

Objective: The aim of the present longitudinal study was to examine the links between chronicity of maltreatment and child behavioral and emotional problems. Method: Forty-nine maltreated children (32 victims of continuous, or chronic, maltreatment; 17 victims of transitory maltreatment) and their mothers were evaluated in their homes three times…

The three studies presented here contrasted the problem-solving outcomes of university students when a break was provided or not provided during a problem-solving session. In addition, two studies explored the effect of providing hints (priming) and the placement of hints during the problem-solving session. First, the ability to solve a previously…