For 418 subjects aged 12 to 21 years, identity development was strongly and consistently related to egocentrism, while perceived parental behavior accounted for little additional variance. Results also clarify differences between the Adolescent Egocentrism Scale and the Imaginary Audience Scale. (SLD)

Data from the primary caretakers of 20,505 children in the National Incidence Study of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Throwaway Children illustrate the influence of parents' own childhood running-away experiences on their children's behavior. The importance of intergenerational transmission factors is illustrated. (SLD)

Recent experimental research is synthesized to identify distinctive biobehavioral characteristics of Down's Syndrome persons across their lifespan. It is argued that educational and other intervention programs have not demonstrated strong gains having significant durability or generalization. Recommended is an interactionist function-structure…

Problem behavior theory predicts that norm-violating attitudes and activities reflect syndrome. Findings from community sample revealed that criminal behavior was more determined by general deviance in adulthood than in young adulthood, whereas sexual involvement became less determined by common factors between these times. Drug use and low social…

This study examined the recreational patterns of 33 individuals with an intellectual handicap. Results of the New Zealand study indicated that the overall profile tended to be similar to the population in general. Some gender differences in activity participation were observed. The role of the New Zealand Society for the Intellectually Handicapped…

Presents a model of four factors differentiating significant from routine research--behavioral patterns of problem formulation, economic analyses of information seeking, psychological schemes of optimal effort, and basic dilemmas of the theory-practice gap. Within this context, four myths dominating the research process in library and information…

Examined extent to which college students (n=180) change their sexual behavior in response to understanding of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Results suggest students have an understanding of AIDS. For this sample, some high-risk behaviors did decrease, presumably as a result of this knowledge, but there was much behavior that still…

Examines interorganizational behavior patterns that may beset project establishment, drawing on the experiences of an anonymous developing nation struggling to initiate an educational project approved by the World Bank. Results show that the behavior of participating organizations can influence the decision-making process during project…

Personality profiles of industrial scientists, musicians and artists, and general undergraduates (total n=99) showed no difference between scientific and artistic groups on the Creativity composite index. Self-reports of involvement in creative behavior, collected from 590 individuals, revealed that creative people tend to cross-train and to…

Literature review on relationship between adolescent chemical dependency and family factors yielded two broad categories: family drug usage patterns and family atmosphere. Found strong relationship between adolescent substance abuse and family drug usage, family composition, family interaction patterns, and discrepancies in family perceptions.…

This statement, signed by 20 experts on child welfare and abuse, summarizes agreement regarding the current status of knowledge in investigation of child sexual abuse and identifies those areas in which further research remains necessary. The statement addresses behavioral indicators of abuse, interviewing child victims, the use of dolls and other…

Effects of social support on health self-assessments were studied in a national sample of 1,131 adolescents in Iceland. Parental support has the largest total effect on health self-assessment, followed by friend support, and other adult support. Implications of these results are discussed. (SLD)

Recent research on sex differences in aggressive styles is reviewed. The concept of indirect aggression in particular is presented and discussed, and it is argued that it is nonsensical to claim that males are more aggressive than females. A theory about development of aggressive behavior styles is presented. (SLD)

Defines absenteeism and characteristic patterns, discusses two competing views of employee absence behavior, applies Steers and Rhodes' process model of employee attendance to teaching, and examines two unsuccessful attendance incentive plans. Districts are advised to avoid quick fixes and develop clear guidelines, computerize teacher attendance…

Associations between mother's models of attachment and mother and child behaviors related to separation were explored in a study of 45 mothers and their 2- to 4-year-old children. Results showed that mother behaviors before and after separation and child reunion behaviors varied according to attachment classification. (SH)