This paper presents a typology of direct and vicarious achievement orientations relevant to adult problems. Direct and vicarious achievement patterns are related to sex role socialization and sex-linked occupational choice. Recommendations are developed for reevaluating and redesigning adult occupational and interpersonal roles which would take…

Behavior of children was monitored during unstructured playground activity in areas of differing size. Frequency of fighting increased significantly in the smaller area, although aggressive episodes were of briefer duration. Style of aggression differed significantly between the two conditions. (Author)

Retention of verbal helping skills by human service worker trainees who had completed the Danish and Hauer (1973) training program earlier was explored. Trainees (N = 26) engaged in three helping interviews--before training, immediately following training, and seven months later. High skill levels at posttraining were generally not maintained at…

Describes an experiment in student self-grading in an introductory American politics course. Findings indicate that self-grading motivates some students to work harder and other students to work less hard, and leads to grade inflation. However, it does not cause student learning to decline across the board, as has been hypothesized in some…

Possible bases for student influence over teachers are examined. Since teachers cannot avoid being influenced by students, it is important for them to consciously select the kinds of influence efforts to which they will respond. (MJB)

This paper examines sex differences in the exclusiveness of children's dyadic friendships by comparing differences in the choice or nonchoice by dyad members of a third person at a given point in time as well as change in these triadic choices over time. (Author)

A study compared 398 children's racial preferences in an imaginary setting with their responses in a more reality-oriented situation. Discrepant responses to the two measurements indicate that racial/ethnic preferences in imagination are neither indicative nor predictive of prejudicial behavior. (Author)

Involving children in games stressing cooperation rather than competition helps them to overcome the tendency to be too aggressive and teaches them compassion and caring for others. (JD)

Discusses stylized behavior, defined as acting and responding in a particular way, in the context of the counseling supervisor/trainee relationship. The supervisor must deal with this problem if trainees are to become effective counselors. (Author/HMV)

The purposes of this paper are: (1) to examine the extent to which behavior modifiers who work in classroom settings have given attention beyond lipservice to the need for longitudinal or follow-up data; and (2) to discuss problems in the methodology and design of followup research. (Author)

This paper is an investigation of family pathology from a transactional viewpoint. The thesis proposed is that family pathology is a means of protecting the family and ensuring its survival. The father, mother, and child assume and exchange the roles of the Karpman drama triangle; namely, Persecutor, Victim, and Rescuer. (Author)

Presents a study of social- and object-directed behaviors of preschool children in same or mixed age dyads. Subjects were three- and five-year-oldpreschool children. (BD)