Examined correlates and structure of prosocial behaviors in late adolescents using a newly constructed multidimensional measure. Findings from study 1, which involved 249 college students, were supported by findings from a second study in which 40 college students completed the measure. Results from both studies yielded adequate evidence of…

Examined stability of gang membership in early adolescence, concurrent behaviors, family characteristics, friendships, and school attitudes of stable and unstable gang and nongang members. Found that stable gang members, compared to nongang members, had higher teacher ratings of fighting behavior, hyperactivity, inattention and oppositional…

The study, with 47 mothers and their young children with handicaps, found that personal and family well-being, and to a lesser extent social support, were significantly related to child behavior characteristics, and that well-being and child behavior characteristics were significantly related to child progress. (Author/DB)

Developed the Toddler Behavior Checklist (TBC) using parental reports of the frequencies of 103 patterns of behavior in children from 9 to 48 months old. Five scales were derived from factor analysis: Oppositional, Immaturity, Emotional Instability, Physical Aggression, and Shyness. Four scales demonstrated excellent reliability; reliability of…

Examined saving and spending behaviors of 1,619 employed high school seniors across the country. Found that savers were from families who saved and planned money use; necessity spenders were from families with fewer resources and greater financial difficulties; discretionary spenders felt money was important and were from families with higher…

A study examined the differences between elementary school students with learning disabilities and other high- and low-achieving students on three social dimensions: sociometric status, behavior as rated by teachers, and self-ratings of social competence. Results indicated children with learning disabilities may be at higher risk socially than the…

Two logic models are presented to explain voter turnout and voter choice for a referendum considering a millage increase to finance a new high school building. The models incorporate attitudinal, demographic, and economic variables. This approach suggests that interested parties (like school officials) can influence referendum outcomes. Includes…

Critiques recent research on the social evaluation of assertive speech. Proposes an alternative theoretical framework, based on speech act theory. Assertiveness is viewed as a style of conversation occurring in complex interpersonal contexts. (Author/BJV)

Considers the direct and interactive relationships between three sex role variables and Type A/Type B behavior in college students of both sexes. The following measures were taken: (1) Type A behavior; (2) sex role behavior; (3) gender-schema; and (4) stress. (JS)

A study tracked and compared a university official with little management training and a bank manager with considerable in-house training through their daily activities. Managers in both contexts followed a similar working pattern, episodic in organization and people-intensive in orientation. Role differences were found in degree rather than kind.…

Tests the inferential approach to the study of competence evaluation and a series of complicating factors relevant to it by having participants with known implicit theories judge an observed communicator on a set of competence-relevant characteristics and on overall competence. Finds inferential models predicted these judgments well. (MS)

Twenty-one teachers and counselors at three two-week summer residential programs for the gifted responded to a survey concerning behavioral signs of leadership, linkage of leadership and giftedness, development of leadership skills, sex differences in leadership abilities, and conditions that facilitate leadership development. (DB)

The report examined psychological symptoms exhibited by 24 girls (ages 6-12) evaluated within six months of being sexually abused. Results showed a marked discrepancy between child and parent reports of symptoms with children not reporting as many symptoms of depression, anxiety, or low self-esteem as parents. (Author/DB)

A study investigated the effect of computer-mediated communication, or computer conferencing, on traditional gender-based differences in discussion participation, including patterns in turn-taking, perceptions of the kinds of contributions made by men and women, and actual contributions made. Continued potential for gender imbalance is found. (MSE)

This study compared the cooperation, aggression, and wandering behavior of 12 first-grade children with severe to profound hearing losses with that of 12 hearing children. No significant differences were found in amounts cooperation, aggression, or wandering behavior displayed by the two groups. However, children with hearing loss changed…