This paper builds a theory of organizational communication which explains communication at several system levels. The theory is built around a decision-situation model of communication theory and incorporates concepts of organization structure and behavior taken from research on complex organizations. The theory is supported with original data…

The relationship between prior and present socioeconomic status and 10 symptoms of social and psychological stress were examined for mobility effects. The analysis was confined to a 5-year, intragenerational mobility panel from 2 Illinois regions--Putnam County and segments of 3 other adjacent counties in north-central Illinois, and a portion of…

While extensive materials exist regarding types of drugs and motivations of users, the job supervisor, trainer and teacher still lacks information on how to recognize the behavioral manifestations of drug abuse in an educational and/or work setting. The manual, through detailed vignettes and questions addressed to the reader, deals with various…

An experimental preschool was set up to study the effect of mixing children differing in SES and race on racial awareness and interaction. It was hypothesized that racial self-selection could be explained in terms of SES level and that interracial contact when different SES children were included would serve to counteract racial stereotypes and…

This study isolates the variable of pre-college education to determine whether Catholic parochial school educated women have significantly different interpersonal relation orientation than do public school educated women. Fifty women comprised the two final sample groups. The data was gathered through use of the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations…

In designing group day care for infants, special attention has been given to efficient care practices, so that all the children's health needs can be met and so that the staff will have ample time to interact with the children. One efficient method is to assign each staff member the responsibility of a particular area rather than a particular…

Behavioral observations have the advantages of being direct, tangible, and informative as to the contextual determinants of behavior. Considerable evidence exists that a three-dimensional structure gives meaning to many child behaviors in a variety of life settings. Three bipolar dimensions constitute this framework: introversion vs. extroversion,…

Relationships of science attitudes, science content, and process knowledge to initial science teaching behaviors were studied among 25 student teachers of a liberal arts college. The 13-subject experimental group was subjected to an elementary school methods course with emphases upon positive attitudes and process knowledge. The control group was…

The major aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between aspects of a child's behavioral style, specifically his temperament and task orientation, in the preschool age period and his level of academic achievement in elementary school. The relationship between behavior problems in the preschool years and later academic achievement…

A method for direct observation study of early peer-social and object directed behavior in humans was designed to articulate with techniques widely used in studies of social behavior of infra-human primates. Occurrence of behavior fitting the definitions of each of six categories of object behavior and nine categories of social behavior is noted…

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of indiscriminate use of counselor reflection, probe, confrontation, and free style on client behavior and client perceptions of counseling. The experiment was conducted at the University of Tennessee with 20 female volunteers from undergraduate education courses serving as subjects and four…

An observational schedule to assess child behavior in natural settings was devised, using a system of precoding of types of behavior. The schedule was designed to discover the opportunities the adult has provided for the child and the personal setting the child has selected from those available. Two types of codes are used. The first-level coding…

A discussion on the rights of children both within the legal structure of society and in the family are discussed. The position is taken that children have the right to be responsible for their own actions, the right to internalize control over their own behavior. It is also contended that under the conditions of freedom, choice, and contingent…

Human communication research has identified and tested numerous aspects of interpersonal transactions, but at present there exists no empirically verifiable data as to how people end these transactions. This study is concerned with the rhetoric of goodbye--determining and assessing the peculiar behaviors, both verbal and non-verbal, with which…

The effects of induced status differences on (1) seating position and (2) interpersonal distance from a confederate of a given status level were investigated. Using behavioral measures, induced status differences were found to influence both the amount of interpersonal distance and the quality of space. The results suggest simulation techniques…