Previously published in the Journal of the American Optometric Association.

The degree of reality perception of cartoon and human-fantasy televised episodes was measured in four- and five-year-olds. Five-year-olds had a more mature reality perception than four-year-olds. Only five-year-olds had a more mature reality perception of cartoon than of human fantasy episodes. (Author/RD)

Results show individual differences in intelligence progressively stabilizing by school age, with each child following a distinct pattern of mental development. Monozygotic twins became increasingly concordant over an Hes and were closely matched on developmental trends. (Author/RH)

Investigates whether temperamental differences mediated infants' responses to the early environment and explores the nature of the relationship between temperament and cognitive-intellectual development. Subjects, 100 six-month-old infants, were observed in their homes three times over a three-week period. Data suggest a greater reactivity to the…

Results of two studies with 60 children aged three, five, and seven, and 40 children aged four through 6.8, indicated that use and understanding of politeness at age three years seemed related to emerging ability to understand the perspective of another, and at later ages, to knowledge of social roles. (Author/MC)

The Tucson Interaction Model emphasizes the importance of teaching style in linking cognitive with affective variables for mainstreamed handicapped students. Five aspects of the model are depicted across three strands (response opportunities, feedback, and personal regard). Even with computer-assisted instruction, the teacher's role is still…

Explains Piaget's concepts of "subject-object" and "subsystem" interactions in problem solving and describes a test that substantiates Piaget's hypothesis and points to antecedent conditions that appear to stimulate imaginal structures. (SB)

Studied the modifiability of cognitive control structures and their proposed hierarchical, structural arrangement in 80 children designated as deficient in cognitive functioning. Results showed that cognitive control deficiencies can be remediated better by structure-based types of intervention than by the types of skill training normally provided…

According to the stage-learning hypothesis, children's ability to learn is constrained by their pretraining stages of cognitive development. Some procedures for obtaining unconfounded tests of this hypothesis are developed in this paper, and some applications to factorial experiments are considered. (Author/BW)

This paper describes the rule-assessment approach to cognitive development. The basic question that motivated the rule-assessment approach is how people's existing knowledge influences their ability to learn. Research using the rule-assessment approach is summarized in terms of eight conclusions, each illustrated with empirical examples.…

The author addresses the issue of programing for the preschool/primary gifted student. Young gifted children are seen to be different in three overlapping areas: advanced cognitive development, psychosocial sensitivity, and high energy levels and fine motor coordination. Suggestions are offered for parents which relate to the three areas…

Researchers concerned with the issue of children's play are urged to read the book "Children's Play: Current Theory and Research" edited by D. J. Pepler and K. H. Rubin which provides an up-to-date review of the conceptual, methodological and developmental issues related to children's play. (MP)

Establishes a developmental perspective for using caption books (picture books with short language captions closely related to simple pictures), then details how the books can be used in the classroom. (FL)

The rigidity construct is reinterpreted in terms of the cognitive developmental approach. A review reveals both cognitive and developmental themes, with an emphasis on the structural and operational properties of rigidity. Notes weaknesses of previous approaches to rigidity and discusses implications and predictions from the proposed model.…

Analyzes the developmental patterns in the production of analogy by second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade students to determine whether children use different types of analogy as they achieve linguistic maturity. (HOD)