Hyperactivity in children is explained in relation to behavioral characteristics, precipitating factors, and stimulant medication therapy. The basic mechanism of hyperactivity is seen to be impulsive style in motility, attention, and socialization. Problems caused by impulsivity are noted to include feeding problems, school difficulties, and peer…

This six-culture study sought to make a first approximation measurement of differences in personality development and the socialization of these differences in children. The study was part of a larger strategy involving other cultures and methods. A sample of 24 children from each of the six cultures was selected and observed during at least 12…

This paper describes a test which attempts to measure a group of personality traits by analyzing the actual behavior of the participant in a computer-simulated game. ECHO evolved from an extension and computerization of Horstein and Deutsch's allocation game. The computerized version of ECHO requires subjects to make decisions about the allocation…

This paper examines the validity of diagnostic categories frequently used to classify children with severe language disorders by determining the relationship of the categories to independently derived developmental, psychological, and medical variables. It is argued that the classification systems currently available too often fail to achieve the…

This is a three-year study of social adjustment patterns in the francophone and anglophone student populations of New Brunswick, Canada. After a brief economic sketch of New Brunswick's francophone North and anglophone South, there is a description of research objectives and methodology. In the investigation, three new elements were found to be…

This paper offers the hypothesis that in times of low collective excitement rumors in a complex society whose content is beyond normal social discourse (a spectral rumor, for instance) will increasingly exhibit one or the other, or both, of two legitimizing agents--authority and mass media--as a means of gaining greater plausibility and…

Since opinion leadership has been found to be a major factor in interpersonal influence, the ratio between males and females selected as opinion leaders provides a strong indication of the comparative value placed on male and female opinions in a society. The results of the series of studies reported indicate that major changes in opinion…

The purpose of this study was to summarize an examination of the social interactions of a sample of 370 preschool children and to demonstrate from the summary that social settings within the preschool environment differentially affect both the quality and quantity of social interaction. The Social Interaction Observation Procedure was used to…

Third grade subjects were classified as impulsive or reflective on the basis of the Matching Familiar Figures (MFF) test. In Experiment I, subjects were given either convergent thinking tasks, brainstorming tasks, or a control task. In Experiment II, half of the subjects received difficult tasks intended to induce failure while the other half…

Ninety-six second and third grade children were exposed to one of six types of videotaped models. Children witnessed an adult female practice either charitable or selfish behavior. One-third of the subjects in each group heard the model exhort either charity or greed or verbalize normatively neutral material. Following this exposure, half the…

Living in America today are many hundreds of thousands of people whose lives are characterized by continual movement each crop season from town to town, from state to state, and from region to region. There are 3 large-scale pathways (streams) the migrants follow: (1) along the Pacific Coast, from southern California to Washington; (2) from the…

To help counselors develop appropriate models for students with different characteristics, this investigation involved two studies using films and videotapes in an effort to stimulate individuals to explore and to gather information on vocational educational opportunities. The key experimental phases of the two studies compared the relative…

Prejudicial attitudes are commonplace in our society, and they adversely affect all of our children. Children of a minority or poor group are directly affected because they are likely to suffer hunger, poor health and housing, and inadequate schools. White, middle class children are affected in ways which are less obvious, but just as damaging. In…

This paper presents a system designed to measure group role behavior and the direction and degree of subgroup interaction during small group meetings. The system utilizes file classifications of role behavior subdivided into 11 behavior categories. Data are collected in sample observations using live recorders or VTR equipment. Data analysis…

Problems in education of the younger generation as opposed to the adult generation in the Canadian Arctic were considered in both social and cultural perspectives. Cross-cultural effects were seen to be of substantial influence in the development of problems. Relatively simple, isolated community structures prevailed in early northern Canada but,…