A study examined relations among maternal stress, social support, adjustment, and the use of positive (encouraging) or negative (punitive) control strategies in a low socioeconomic status sample. The study sample consisted of 40 mother-son dyads examined longitudinally when the children were 18 and 24 months of age. During this period, mothers…

This self-instructional module is intended to provide basic information on autism and can be used alone or with supplementary videos. The module is divided into short sections, with each section including review questions and with a self-test (and answer key) on the whole module. After introductory material on the module's purpose and use and an…

This study examined methods of identifying children who display patterns of inhibited behavior in novel social situations or who appear anxious-withdrawn in their habitual preschool environment. Subjects were 118 children of French-Canadian background recruited from 60 preschool classrooms around Montreal, Canada. Children ranged in age from 31 to…

Few therapists are trained to provide affirmative, effective therapy for clients who are sexually nontraditional and from various multicultural backgrounds. The author explores several models that can be used to increase students' understanding of such clients. Pederson's Triad model uses the theory of three conversations at work in the counseling…

Aimed at central office administrators, school board members, staff developers, and state-level policy makers, this document is about restructuring the educational system and the two most prevalent restructuring strategies--school-based management and shared decision making. The document attempts to create awareness of the current system's…

The marital relationship may have indirect, or second order socialization effects on the parent child relationship. To investigate the second order socialization effects in parent adolescent relatioships, 44 mostly white, middle-class families with a 13-year-old adolescent child were videotaped in three separate situations: adolescent with mother,…

Research on interpersonal influence within counseling psychology has focused primarily on the characteristics of the counselor. There is a need to study the role of client characteristics in resistance or noncompliance. A review of the literature indicates that most client characteristics associated with noncompliance in therapy can be narrowed…

A questionnaire survey of academic economists indicates that their information gathering behavior varies as they progress through research projects. (Author)

Explores the predictability of friendly, cooperative behavior of school children over a 5-week period. The basis for the predictions was the children's others-concept, as measured by the Paired Hands Test. In three tasks out of five the high others-concept children showed a higher frequency and greater proportion of task-related and friendly…

Reading skills and supporting behavior are topics treated, emphasizing the following concepts: the abandonment of regression, importance of clear objectives, a conscious effort to read faster, reading for meaning, having key words and phrases in mind, and previewing. (MW)

Researchers have offered a number of explanations for why people occasionally or frequently feel shy in social situations, focusing on behavioral, psychological, or somatic causes. However, each theory encompasses a problem with communication skills. A study examined the communication implications of shyness as reported in definitions by both…

How implicit assumptions govern the process of policymaking, and how those implicit assumptions are simultaneously consistent with both the political culture of the state and with behaviors that are effective in achieving desired policy outcomes are investigated in this paper. Interview data were gathered from policymakers and analyzed to discover…

This study employed a classwide peer recording (CWPR) program to demonstrate the efficacy of peers as behavior change agents in a physical activity setting. The study sought to determine whether or not the frequency of stimuli conditions presented by a game changes when a CWPR procedure is in effect, and whether or not the frequency of actual…

There is growing recognition that elementary, junior, and senior high schools are different organizations with different school cultures and different leadership needs. School-level differences in principal leadership behavior, student and teacher perceptions of the school culture, and student and teacher commitment were assessed using data from…