If Black Studies is to develop as a major force in interdisciplinary curriculum structures, then the process of standardization must be facilitated. Otherwise, without a "general" consensus of its basic content--at least at the introductory level--Black Studies will surely be doomed to eventual failure. (Author/NQ)

Despite the economic achievements of the last two decades, developing countries are still faced with the problem of providing the basic human needs for people living in extreme poverty. This article describes the elements of a basic needs development program and suggests methods of action. (MA)

Reasons for college experimentation with planning methods of employee development are analyzed. Alternatives involved in designing an individual development planning process for a specific institution are described, and speculation is offered about the characteristics of the most effective approaches. (LBH)

The Richmond Volleyball Association is an example of a meaningful sports program offered to urban school children and developed as a result of individual physical education student interest. (MJB)

For intramural athletics to take its place as a quality program in high schools, school administrators must (1) reevaluate the adequacy with which interscholastic athletics meets the needs of the majority of students and (2) appoint a director or coordinator whose sole extracurricular school activity is intramural sports. (MJB)

Needs-assessment instruments from commercial sources are helpful in generating ideas. Any instrument will, however, be more effective if it is specifically adapted for the particular school and community using the instrument. The counselors, principals, teachers, students, and parents all can provide helpful suggestions about meaningful items and…

Promoting innovations accounts for approximately 10 percent of the federal aid to public schools which currently exceeds $3.5 billion annually. However, serious questions about the usefulness of federal efforts to promote innovation and the prospects for educational reform have been raised. Those questions were examined here by the Rand…

A look at behavioral objectives in a general setting combined with a discussion of some of the aspects of behavioral objectives as interpreted in mathematics and some practical lessons on objective writing were the focus of this paper. (Author/RK)

An assessment of existing programs was made and a secondary training program developed by the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee to train teachers with maximum skills and flexibility to work with handicapped adolescents. (MH)

Presented are aspects of program planning and administration as developed by Opportunity for Advanced Student Involvement in Studies, a summer program for 450 gifted students (grades 1-8) of the Charleston, SC public schools. (BB)

Available from: Elizabeth K. Chapman, School of Education, The University of Birmingham, P. O. Box 363, Birmingham, 15, England. The author considers the various services which should be made available to visually handicapped children and their parents and discusses how such services could be organized. (SBH)

The DELTA Chart acts as a communication device by displaying project needs in flow-chart form. Its five elements are: Decision box, Event box, Logic box, Time Arrow, and Activity box. It can also provide the administrator with better planning and monitoring capabilities. For journal availability see HE 509 147. (LBH)

The author outlines approaches for industrial educators in helping to resolve energy conservation problems, including curriculum development in all grades, staff development, operations facilities, and learning activities. He names several sources of information on energy information and education. (MF)