Examined in two studies with a total of 4,673 hearing impaired and 618 hearing students were the implications of language differences on the linguistic presentation of instruction and computer assisted instruction to the hearing impaired. In the first study, item responses on the Stanford Achievement Test Hearing Impaired Version (SAT-HI) were…

A sample of 175 students, constituting grades 10, 11, and 12 of two high schools, was used in the validation of a new Syllabication Skills Test. On the first day, the students completed four forms of the syllabication test; on the second, they completed Survey F of the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Tests. Means and standard deviations were similar for…

Two validity studies were made of the Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT) with 152 learning disabled and 115 non-learning disabled children (ages from 7 to 10 years). In the first study, Ss' scores on the PIAT, California Achievement Test (CAT), and the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) were correlated; in the second study scores on the…

To compare the means, reliability coefficients, and concurrent validity coefficients for four tests, two with and two without optional items; and to determine if pupils could select items that would improve their scores, 210 seventh grade pupils were first administered the seventh grade spelling subtest of the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills. They were…

A logically sound and methodologically easy technique for improving the construct validity of instruments and developed for relatively new concepts is described. It is based on the premise that if an instrument is valid, so should be each item within it and, therefore, the latter should sustain in field setting the behavioral implications derived…

The relationship between two diverse but commonly used psychotherapy process rating scales was determined by correlating therapist statements classified via the Hill Interaction Matrix with statements rated on the dimensions of empathy, respect, genuineness, and specificity. Results suggest these measures share significant common variance. Empathy…

This paper provides a general perspective for evaluating interest inventories and simulations and outlines some activities to stimulate the development of more useful inventories. Previous evaluations have been primarily instrument-specific; have relied generally on opinion rather than evidence; and have focused only on possible sex, age, race, or…

The search for a satisfactory objective definition of a culture-fair test is doomed to failure, except in the special case in which different cultural groups have the same mean scores on the criterion variable to be predicted by the test. In the general case, it can be shown that no test (except one with the rare quality of perfect validity) can…

The purpose of the present study was to norm and validate the College-Level Examination Program (CLEP) Introductory Calculus Subject Examination for two University of Illinois calculus courses, Math 120 and Math 135. It was of interest to determine if this examination could be used as a calculus placement and proficiency examination for new…

This paper discusses some methodological, theoretical and physiological issues to be considered in the use of film tests in research relating to visual cognition and memory. One trouble spot in methodology is the use of a square data matrix with an insufficient number of observations in proportion to variables. A second methodological problem…

As part of a continuing research program to improve screening of enlisted men, this study was undertaken to compare a variety of computer-simulated conventional and branching tests and to extend the theoretical analysis of branching techniques. The degree of coordination between test scores and underlying ability is used to compare conventional…

To verify assumptions concerning content validity and to qualify relationships between tests and criteria, three validation studies of the United States Employment Service Dictation, Spelling, and Typing Tests were carried out in cooperation with 18 State Employment Services. Study I, validation of the Spelling and Dictation Tests, revealed a…

Within the context of a counterbalanced design, 63 female students were tested with a computerized Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and a group booklet mode of administration. State anxiety was measured before and after each testing session. The correlation between the computer-based MMPI scale scores and the booklet…

Validity coefficients, standard errors of estimate, and prediction are discussed. An argument is made for the potential utility of tests with validity coefficients of .60, .50, .40, and even .30, because they can predict the extremes, which is especially valuable for many purposes, such as counseling, college admissions, and personnel selection.…

Ways are suggested in which validation studies may be carried out by personnel workers who use tests in selection and placement. The correlational techniques discussed are the product-moment correlation coefficient, biserial correlation coefficient, tetrachoric coefficient of correlation. The summarizing techniques (a term used to refer to methods…