The purpose of this book goes beyond a procedural manual or a "how-to, cook book" approach to vision screening. This book is intended to assist the new school nurse in fully understanding the screening process, comprehending the pathophysiology of the several visual functions, which may be assessed in the school setting. This book is also intended…

Describes a recently developed vision screening technique that can be used by school personnel. Reports on a study that found the technique to be effective and efficient for use in vision screening programs. (FL)

The examination of a child for strabismus (misalignment of the eyes) and treatment if the condition is present are described. General considerations when evaluating need of surgery are presented. Steps in the ophthalmologic examination are discussed, including such tests as extraocular muscle function and traction testing and studies of eye…

The article reports on a Michigan program for the screening of preschool children for visual defects. The development of the modified Snellen E for testing young children is described; other test procedures are outlined. Charts illustrate the growth of the program over a 12-year period. (PHR)

Discusses steps for Head Start staff and parents to observe child behaviors indicating possible undetected vision problems. Describes activities to test children's visual skills involving fixation, movement of both eyes inward, shift of gaze, and visual tracking of an object. Provides a checklist of unusual vision behaviors and tips for assisting…

The current view of the multidimensional nature of learning difficulties includes visual difficulties as one contributing factor. Although many researchers decry the use of the Snellen Test as the sole screening device, this test is still the most commonl y used vision screening instrument in our nation's schools. Findings of numerous studies…

This document details the California State Code's provisions concerning eye examinations for children in public schools. It explains how the examinations should beconducted and recorded, how teachers can observe children for vision problems, how to report vision problems to parents and recommend secure medical assistance, and what obligations the…

Describes the operation and results of a Title I program in northern California that has provided vision screening for more than 8,000 migrant children over a 2-year period. (ED)

Included is information on establishing a system or upgrading existing services, selecting appropriate screening tools, referring persons in need of professional vision care, obtaining appropriate treatment, and providing follow-up services required to ensure that all persons with severe handicaps receive the best possible vision care. (Author/SB)

Three experiments investigated four-month-old infants' capacity to perceive bimodally specified events by detecting the temporal synchrony of sound bursts with the visable impacts of surfaces. (Author/SS)

Part of a series of booklets designed to provide practical ideas parents can use to help their children become readers, this booklet focuses on children's eyesight. The booklet's seven sections are as follows: (1) How Does Vision Affect Children's Progress in School? (2) What Kinds of Problems Affect These Demands for Vision? (3) How Can I Spot…

Comparison of a variety of vision screening methods used with preschool children led to modification of the standard Snellen E test called the Blackbird Vision Screening System. An instructional story using an "E-bird" was developed to teach children the various possible positions of the E. The visual confusion caused by the chart was…

This report reviews principles and techniques of health appraisal in schools. Discussed are the maintenance and use of school health records, communication between school personnel and professional health personnel, and teacher observation. Screening tests for visual and hearing defects are described in detail. Guidelines are given for…