Integrating research from cognitive, social, organizational, and developmental psychology, the present article builds on the idea that constraints play a key role in creativity. The Mr. Plumbean approach, which refers to the willing integration of focusing constraints for creative purposes, emphasizes the role of attitude toward constraints in…

When memories are reactivated during sleep, they are potentially transformed and strengthened. However, disturbed sleep may make this process ineffective. In a prior study, memories formed shortly before sleep were weakened by auditory stimulation when that stimulation provoked memory reactivation while also disrupting sleep -- a procedure known…

The present work assessed a quizzing method that combines the benefits of retrieval practice and feedback, whereby learners must continue taking quizzes until they achieve a perfect score with feedback provided (i.e., "mastery quizzing"). Across four experiments (n = 952; age 18-76, M = 37.10, SD = 11.61; 50% female, 48% male, 2% other…

We report the first evidence that the gist mechanism of fuzzy-trace theory and the associative mechanism of activation monitoring theory operate in parallel, in the recall version of the Deese/Roediger/McDermott illusion. In three experiments, we implemented a new methodology that allows their respective empirical indexes, gist strength (GS) and…

The various ways in which forgetting, an inherent component of the human memory process, occurs are essential for understanding cognitive function and memory control. This paper investigates the main categories of forgetting, including retrieval failure, decay, interference, motivated or conscious forgetting, and encoding failures. Retrieval…

There is a vast literature on "executive functioning," or the control of one's thoughts and actions in pursuit of a goal. This broad construct is conceptualized as comprising multiple executive functions (EFs) that support academic achievement and other important life outcomes. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding what,…

This paper examines the concept of "academic integrity." Drawing on Calhoun's social perspective of integrity and on MacIntyre's goods-based view of practice, we propose to understand acting with academic integrity as standing before others and with others, firmly but non-dogmatically, to protect the integrity of academic practice and,…

Purpose: This study aims to examine the roles of principal resilience (psychological, social and spiritual) and trust in colleagues in predicting the flourishing of school principals, considering different career stages. Design/methodology/approach: Utilising multigroup structural equation modelling and mediation analysis, data were collected from…

The interplay between facial age and facial identity is evident from several scenarios experienced in daily life, such as when recognising a face several decades after the last exposure. However, the link between age and identity processing, and how age perception abilities might diverge in individuals with different face processing abilities, has…

Noting the popular psychology embrace of "self-care," in this study, we sought to assess the relationship between self-care behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in school psychology graduate students. Participants were recruited from the National Association of School Psychology (NASP) approved graduate training programs. A…

Background: More students with a bachelor's degree in psychology are seeking graduate studies, though many lack knowledge about the admission process. Objective: We created a brief educational presentation to increase student knowledge of the application process, positive outcome expectations for obtaining a master's degree in psychology, and…

The present study evaluated the experience of burnout among mothers who attended a psychology graduate school program. Eight individuals who identified as mothers participated in the qualitative study. Participants were asked questions that targeted the experience of burnout in a semi-structured interview. The Reissman narrative model, which also…

Throughout prolonged tasks, visual attention fluctuates temporally in response to the present stimuli, task demands, and changes in available attentional resources. This temporal fluctuation has downstream effects on memory for stimuli presented during the task. Researchers have established that detection of a target (e.g., a square of a color to…

In an on-line format, the current research measured students' (N = 453) social identifications as "university students" and as "university customers" to predict their self-reported engagement in deep and surface learning, attitudes toward cheating, intent to continue their studies, and their psychological well-being (e.g.,…

Background: Retrieval practice promotes retention of learned information more than restudying the information. However, benefits of multiple-choice testing over restudying in real-world educational contexts and the role of practically relevant moderators such as feedback and learners' ability to retrieve tested content from memory (i.e.,…