Just as a compass orients a traveller, the OECD Learning Compass 2030 indicates the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values students need not just to weather the changes in our environment and in our daily lives, but to help shape the future. The Learning Compass 2030 is composed of seven elements: (1) core foundations; (2) transformative competencies; (3) student agency/co-agency; (4) knowledge; (5) skills; (6) attitudes and values; and (7) anticipation-action-reflection cycle. This concept note focuses on the concept of knowledge. As part of the OECD Learning Compass 2030, knowledge includes theoretical concepts and ideas as well as practical understanding based on the experience of having performed certain tasks. The OECD Future of Education and Skills 2030 project recognises four different types of knowledge: disciplinary, interdisciplinary, epistemic, and procedural.